Turnover Ratios Formula (Table of Contents)
What is Turnover Ratios Formula?
Turnover ratios measure how efficiently the facilities including the assets and liabilities of the organization are utilized. Turnover ratios include inventory turnover ratio, receivables turnover ratio, capital employed turnover ratio, working capital turnover ratio, asset turnover ratio and accounts payable turnover ratio.
Inventory turnover ratio indicates how efficiently inventory is managed in a particular period.
Receivables turnover ratio indicates the effectiveness of a company in collecting its debts.
Capital employed turnover ratio indicates the efficiency with which a company utilizes its capital employed with reference to sales.
Working Capital is the difference between the current assets and current liabilities of a company. Working Capital Turnover Ratio indicates the efficiency with which a company generates its sales with reference to its working capital.
Asset turnover ratio is a measure of a company’s ability to utilize its assets for the purpose of generating revenues.
Accounts payable turnover ratio measures the speed with which a company pays off its suppliers.
Explanation of the Turnover Ratios Formula
#1 – Inventory Turnover Ratio
In order to calculate the inventory turnover ratio, we should undertake the following steps:
Step 1: We need to calculate the cost of goods sold. The cost of goods sold is computed by adding the beginning inventory to the purchases made during the period and subtracting the ending inventory for the period.
Cost of Goods Sold = Beginning Inventory + Purchases During the Period – Ending Inventory.
Step 2: The average inventory should be calculated by using the formula mentioned below:
Average Inventory = Opening Inventory + Closing Inventory/2
Step 3: The inventory turnover ratio is required to be calculated. The result can be obtained by using the formula mentioned below:
Inventory Turnover Ratio = Cost of Goods Sold / Average Inventory
#2 – Receivables Turnover Ratio
In order to calculate the receivables turnover ratio, we should systematically follow the steps mentioned below:
Step 1: Calculate the total credit sales. Credit Sales are the purchases made by the customers for which payment is given on a later date and is hence delayed.
Step 2: We should compute the average accounts receivable by using the formula:
Average Accounts Receivable = Opening Accounts Receivable + Closing Accounts Receivable /2
Step 3: Calculate the receivables turnover ratio by using the formula mentioned below:
Receivables Turnover Ratio = Credit Sales / Average Accounts Receivable
#3 – Capital Employed Turnover Ratio
Step 1: Calculate the total sales
Step 2: Compute the average capital employed by using the formula mentioned below:
Average Capital Employed = Opening Capital Employed+Closing Capital Employed/2
Step 3: Calculate the capital employed turnover ratio by using the formula mentioned below:
Capital Employed Turnover Ratio = Sales / Average Capital Employed
#4 – Working Capital Turnover Ratio
In order to calculate the working capital turnover ratio, the following steps are required to be followed:
Step 1: Calculate the total sales. This refers to the total amount of sales conducted by a firm in a given period of time.
Step 2: Calculate the working capital by using the formula mentioned below:
Working Capital = Current Assets – Current Liabilities
Step 3: Compute the working capital turnover ratio by using the formula mentioned below:
Working Capital Turnover Ratio = Sales / Working Capital
#5 – Asset Turnover Ratio
In order to calculate the asset turnover ratio, we should follow the following steps:
Step 1: Find out the sales
Step 2: Calculate average total assets by using the formula mentioned below:
Average Total Assets = Opening Total Assets + Closing Total Assets / 2
Step 3: Calculate asset turnover ratio. The formula can be computed as follows:
Asset Turnover Ratio = Sales / Average Total Assets
#6 – Accounts Payable Turnover Ratio
In order to calculate the accounts payable turnover ratio, carry out the following steps:
Step 1: Find out the Supplier Purchases
Step 2: Calculate the average accounts payable. For this purpose, the following formula should be used
Average Accounts Payable = Opening Accounts Payable + Closing Accounts Payable /2
Step 3: In this step, the accounts payable turnover ratio should be calculated by using the formula:
Accounts Payable Turnover Ratio = Supplier Purchases / Average Accounts Payable
Examples of Turnover Ratios Formula
Let’s see some simple to advanced practical examples of turnover ratios to understand it better.
Turnover Ratios – Example #1
Georgia Inc. gives you the following information. From the above information, you are required to calculate the Inventory Turnover Ratio and Asset Turnover Ratio.
Solution
Calculation of Inventory Turnover Ratio
- =50000/5000
Inventory Turnover Ratio will be –
- Inventory Turnover Ratio = 10
Calculation of Asset Turnover Ratio
=100000/20000
Asset Turnover Ratio will be –
- Asset Turnover Ratio =5
The Inventory Turnover Ratio is 10 and Asset Turnover Ratio is 5.
Turnover Ratios – Example #2
Credence Inc. gives the following information about its business. Calculate the following a)Capital Employed Turnover Ratio. b) Working Capital Turnover Ratio.
Solution
Calculation of Working Capital
=30000-10000
Working Capital will be –
Working Capital = 20000
Calculation of Capital Employed Turnover Ratio
=40000/20000
Capital Employed Turnover Ratio will be-
- Capital Employed Turnover Ratio = 2
Working Capital Turnover Ratio
=40000/20000
Working Capital Turnover Ratio will be –
Working Capital Turnover Ratio = 2
The Capital Employed Turnover Ratio is 2 and Working Capital Turnover Ratio is 2.
Turnover Ratios – Example #3
Merwin Inc. gives you the following financial information for 2018. Calculate the following efficiency ratios: a) Accounts Payable Turnover Ratio. b) Asset Turnover Ratio. c)Receivables Turnover Ratio.
Solution
Calculation of Accounts Payable Turnover Ratio
=4000/1000
Accounts Payable Turnover Ratio will be –
- Accounts Payable Turnover Ratio = 4
Calculation of Asset Turnover Ratio
=100000/50000
Asset Turnover Ratio will be –
- Asset Turnover Ratio = 2
Calculation of Receivables Turnover Ratio
=100000/10000
Receivables Turnover Ratio will be –
- Receivables Turnover Ratio = 10
Relevance and Uses
Inventory turnover ratio indicates the speed at which the company is able to move its inventory. Receivables turnover ratio indicates how fast a company is able to turn its receivables into cash. Capital employed turnover ratio indicates the ability of a company to generate revenues from the capital employed. Higher the working capital turnover ratio, higher is the efficiency of the company to use its short term assets and liabilities for the purpose of generating sales.
A low asset turnover ratio indicates that the company is not being efficient in utilizing its assets for the purpose of generating sales. The number of times a company pays off its suppliers during a period is given by the accounts payable turnover ratio.
Turnover Ratios Formula in Excel (with Excel Template)
The Finance Manager of Prudent Inc. is interested in finding out different ratios. Calculate the following ratios assuming all sales are on credit: a)Asset turnover Ratio b) Receivables Turnover Ratio.
The information is as below:
Solution
Step 1: Insert the formula =B3/B5 in cell B6 in order to calculate asset turnover ratio.
Step 2 : Press Enter to get Result
Step 3: Insert the formula =B3/B4 in cell B7
Step 4 : Press Enter to get Result
The Asset Turnover Ratio is 2 and Receivables Turnover Ratio is 8.
Recommended Articles
This has been a guide to Turnover Ratios Formula. Here we discuss how to calculate various turnover ratios along with practical examples and downloadable excel template. You can learn more about financial analysis from the following articles –
- Balance Sheet Analysis
- Balance Sheet Formula
- Stock Turnover Ratio
- Times Interest Earned Ratio Formula
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